Types of Skin Cancer; Causes and Prevention
3 min read
People should always remain vigilant and alert regarding their physical and mental health. If they exhibit symptoms that may correlate with any disease, one should immediately seek medical attention. Cancer can be life-threatening; hence, it is necessary to visit an oncologist if any signs are associated with cancer. An oncologist helps assist and provide guidance regarding the overall health, tests, and treatment plans, which would help the patient function adequately and live a normal life.
What is skin cancer?
Cancer refers to the abnormal production and growth of cells. The growth of cells may affect other parts of the body. Skin cancer detected at the early stage can be treated without having a long-lasting effect on the patient. Also, skin cancer can be originated from any part of the body. Therefore, it is essential for individuals to self-examine their bodies once a month and visit a specialist if they notice anything unusual on their skin.
What are the main types of skin cancer?
The main types of skin cancer are:
- Basal Cell Carcinoma: There is an abnormal growth of the cells in basal cells, which are present in the epidermis. The body regions that are in direct exposure to ultraviolet rays are more likely to get affected. However, basal cell carcinoma can spread to other parts. The symptoms of basal cell carcinoma include; visible bump on the skin, which rapidly increases, red patches over the skin, itchiness, and open scabs that may not heal properly.
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma: This type of skin cancer forms in the squamous cells. It usually affects the area where the skin has direct exposure to the sun, such as the face, arms and ear, and neck. It can be easily treated if caught earlier. The common symptoms of squamous cell carcinoma are; rough patches on the skin, growth that resembles warts, pain, itchiness, and bleeding on the affected part.
- Melanoma: It is the most uncommon type of skin cancer. It is caused by the abnormal formation and growth of skin cells, known as melanocytes. Melanoma can easily be diagnosed by the ABCDE method. The lesions are asymmetrical, the moles on the body are irregular, moles are of different colors such as brown and red, the diameter of the moles are above six millimeters, and the spots that change their shape, size, and color can indicate melanoma.
- Merkel Cell Carcinoma: This type of skin cancer usually occurs on the face, arms, or neck. The symptoms of Merkel cell carcinoma include; shiny pink or red bump, and breakage of skin with bleeding.
- Actinic Keratosis: It is a result of exposure to Uv rays. The symptoms include; flat red patches on the skin, itchiness, lesions with different colors, scaly patches on the skin, and unbearable pain in the affected area.
What causes individuals to suffer from skin cancer?
The causes of skin cancer include:
- Exposure to UV rays
- Explore toxins in the environment.
- A compromised immune system can cause skin cancer
- Individuals with family members diagnosed with cancer are at a higher risk of developing skin cancer.
What are the preventive measures for skin cancer?
Individuals can minimize the chances of developing skin cancer by:
- Using sunscreen when they go out
- Self-examination once a month
- Avoid exposure to harsh chemicals
- Cover yourself while going outside
- Try to avoid direct exposure to sun from 10 am to 4 pm.
If the person notices any symptoms such as pain and dry patches should visit an oncologist in Karachi. It is best to consult the specialist as soon as the signs become prominent, as treating cancer in earlier stages increases the survival rate. The treatment plan for the earliest stages is proven effective as the spread of the cancer is limited.
